Sprinkler systems are automatic extinguishing systems installed in buildings to react quickly in the event of a fire and extinguish or at least contain the fire. The main objectives of such systems are to protect human life, reduce property damage and assist the fire brigade.
How does a sprinkler system work?
Sprinkler systems consist of a series of spray heads attached to a pipe system. These heads are equipped with a heat-sensitive glass ampoule. As the temperature rises - typically near a fire - this ampoule bursts, causing water to escape from the spray head and fight the fire.
The water is drawn from a reservoir or directly from the water mains and pressurised so that it can be effectively sprayed onto the fire.
What advantages do sprinkler systems offer in fire protection?
According to statistics, buildings with sprinkler systems are significantly safer:
- In about 90% of the cases, the activation of one to two spray heads is sufficient to effectively fight a fire.
- The average property damage in buildings with sprinklers is up to 70% less than in buildings without such systems.
- The number of fire victims in buildings equipped with sprinklers is over 80% lower than in buildings without sprinklers.
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What regulations must be observed when installing sprinkler systems?
In Germany, the requirements and guidelines for the installation of sprinkler systems are laid down in VdS CEA 4001. The most important regulations include:
- Planning and installation by approved specialist companies.
- Regular maintenance and inspection by qualified personnel.
- Compliance with minimum distances between spray heads and other construction elements.
- Ensuring an adequate water supply.
In addition, sprinkler systems must be mandatory in certain types of buildings, such as high-rise buildings or large warehouses.
Why are sprinkler systems so important in fire protection?
Sprinkler systems play a crucial role in modern fire protection. Through their rapid and automatic response, they can save lives and significantly reduce property damage. While their installation comes at a cost, the potential savings in the event of a fire - both financial and in terms of human suffering - are significant. Therefore, every building owner should consider installing a sprinkler system.